Natural wooden flooring production line

Engineered Wood Flooring Manufacturing Process:

Stage 1: Plywood Core Manufacturing

This stage creates the stable, multi-layered core substrate.

1.Peeling (Veneer Production)

Process: Debarked logs (typically fast-growing, stable species like poplar, eucalyptus, or birch) are rotary-peeled into 
continuous sheets of veneer.

2.Drying

Process: The green veneer has a very high moisture content and must be dried to a precise level (typically 6-12%) for stability and glue bonding.

3.Clipping and Grading

Process: The dried veneer is cut into sheets and sorted by quality. Lower grades are used for the inner plies (core), higher grades for the outer plies (back).

4.Layup

Process: The heart of plywood making. Veneer sheets are layered with their wood grains perpendicular to adjacent layers. This cross-banding creates dimensional stability, preventing expansion and contraction. Glue (typically Urea-Formaldehyde or more eco-friendly options like soy-based or PUR) is applied to the inner plies.

5.Hot Pressing

Process: The layered "mats" are pressed under high heat and pressure. This cures the glue and bonds all layers into a solid, stable panel.

6.Panel Sanding

Process: The pressed plywood panels are sanded on both sides to achieve a perfectly uniform thickness and a smooth surface. This is critical for the next step: laminating the face veneer.

Stage 2: Flooring Manufacturing

This stage transforms the sanded plywood panel into finished flooring.

7.Face Veneer Preparation

Process: A decorative hardwood veneer (oak, walnut, maple, etc.) is sliced (not peeled) to preserve its beautiful natural grain pattern. This veneer is precision-cut to size, dried, and sometimes pre-graded.

8.Face Veneer Lamination

Process: The decorative face veneer is glued and pressed onto the pre-sanded plywood core panel. This is often done in a separate press.

9.Precision Cutting

Process: The large laminated panel is ripped and cross-cut into individual floor plank widths and lengths.

10.Milling (Profiling)

Process: This is a critical step. The edges of each plank are machined to create the tongue-and-groove (T&G) profiling that allows the planks to interlock seamlessly during installation. Modern mills often create sophisticated "click" locking systems.

11.Surface Finishing

Process: The surface of the plank undergoes final fine-sanding to ensure it is perfectly smooth. It then receives its protective and aesthetic finish.

UV Finishing Line: The most common method. Planks receive multiple coats of UV-cured acrylic resin (primer, top coats) that are instantly hardened by UV lamps. This creates an extremely durable, low-VOC finish.

Oil Finishing Line: Planks are impregnated with natural oils and hard waxes. This requires more time for drying/curing but offers a more natural look and easier spot repairs.

12.Grading and Packaging

Process: Each plank is visually inspected and automatically graded based on the color variation, grain characteristics, and natural features (knots, mineral streaks) of its face veneer. Planks are then sorted and packaged into cartons.

Features

1. High Stability & Consistent Quality

Cross-layered pressing: Core layers are arranged with crisscross grain (e.g., poplar/maple cores), reducing floor warping/shrinkage by over 50% vs. solid wood.

Precision control: CNC sanding ensures surface flatness error ≤0.1mm; moisture meters monitor substrates (8%-12% MC) to avoid cracking.

2. Efficient Automation

Continuous workflow: Automated conveyors connect substrate making → veneer lamination → sanding → grooving, cutting manual handling by 80%.

Intelligent processing: UV coating lines auto-control paint thickness; grooving machines sync with floor size (e.g., 1220×190mm) for fast setup.

3. Strong Material Adaptability

Veneer flexibility: Works with natural wood veneer (oak/walnut) or recon veneer, supporting thin (0.3mm) to thick (2mm) veneer lamination.

4. Eco-Friendly & Durable

Waste recycling: Wood scraps are crushed for HDF; low-VOC UV paints meet E0 formaldehyde standards (≤0.05mg/m³).

Wear-resistant design: Triple UV coating (with alumina) boosts surface wear resistance (≥AC4 grade for commercial use).

5. Flexible Customization

Size/structure adjustability: Adapts to floor thickness (8-15mm) and grooving types (click-lock, tongue-and-groove) via modular equipment.

Surface effects: Supports brushed, embossed, or matte finishes by switching sanding/coating modules.

Application